回教材首頁 CHAPTER 13
Learning Pack 013 A~Z 每兩天一組

1 單字 & 片語

main
/meɪn/
adj. 主要的；最重要的
main
the main goal主要目標
the main entrance主要入口
the main problem主要問題
Our main goal is to fix the lamp. 我們的主要目標是修好檯燈。
用法形容詞，放在名詞前（main goal、main entrance），指最核心的一個；修飾動詞要用 mainly。
mainly
/ˈmeɪnli/
adv. 主要地；大多
mainly
mainly work from home主要在家工作
mainly use recycled parts主要使用回收零件
mainly focus on repairs主要專注於維修
We mainly work on small lamps. 我們主要修理小型檯燈。
用法副詞，修飾動詞：mainly work on repairs 是主要從事維修。
maintain
/meɪnˈteɪn/
v. 維持；保養
maintain
maintain equipment保養設備
maintain good quality維持良好品質
maintain a system維護系統
Lexi helps maintain the equipment. Lexi 幫忙保養設備。
用法動詞後直接接受詞：maintain equipment／maintain quality，意思是持續讓事物保持良好狀態。
maintenance
/ˈmeɪntənəns/
n. 保養；維護作業
maintenance
routine maintenance例行保養
maintenance work維護作業
a maintenance schedule保養時程
Bearry adds maintenance to the calendar. Bearry 把保養工作加入行事曆。
用法名詞：The machine needs maintenance.，不說 needs maintain。
major
/ˈmeɪdʒər/
adj. 重大的；重要的
major
a major problem重大問題
a major change重大改變
a major challenge重大挑戰
A broken power cord is a major problem. 電源線損壞是重大問題。
用法強調規模或影響；main 指最核心的一個（a major problem／the main problem）。
majority
/məˈdʒɔːrəti/
n. 大多數；過半數
majority
the majority of the team團隊的大多數成員
the majority of the parts大部分零件
a clear majority明顯多數
The majority of the parts are reusable. 大部分零件都能再利用。
用法用 the majority of + 一群人或物；後面是複數名詞時動詞用複數（The majority of the parts are…）。
make sure
/meɪk ʃʊr/
phr. v. 確認；確保
make sure
make sure it works確認它能運作
make sure to check務必檢查
make sure the power is off確認電源已關閉
Make sure the lamp is unplugged. 確認檯燈已拔除插頭。
用法make sure + 完整句，或 make sure to + 原形動詞。
make a point of
/meɪk ə pɔɪnt əv/
phr. v. 特別注意去做；刻意做到
make a point of
make a point of checking特別注意檢查
make a point of listening特別留心傾聽
make a point of arriving early刻意提早到達
Lexi makes a point of checking each part. Lexi 特別注意檢查每個零件。
用法後接 V-ing，不接原形動詞（不說 make a point of check）。
make a difference
/meɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns/
phr. v. 帶來影響；讓事情變得更好
make a difference
make a real difference帶來實際改變
make a difference to someone對某人產生影響
small changes make a difference小改變也有影響
A working lamp can make a difference to someone. 一盞能用的檯燈能對某人有所幫助。
用法指努力對結果帶來實際影響；make a difference to someone 是對某人有幫助。
延伸詞彙 make a fuss about 對某事大驚小怪make a long face 愁眉苦臉make a name for oneself 建立名聲make it a rule to 把做某事當作固定原則minor 較小的；次要的budget deficit 預算赤字victim 受害者miserable 很難受的；悲慘的profession 專業領域；職業at this point 在目前這個階段

2 融合短文

A Lamp That Makes a Difference
The community repair corner opened on a sunny morning. Its main goal was to give old items a second life. The team mainly worked on small lamps. Kai brought a lamp with a broken power cord, a major problem. "Make sure it is unplugged," Lexi said. Bearry did not know how to fix the cord, so he asked a trained repairer. The repairer replaced the cord while everyone watched from a safe distance. The majority of the other parts were reusable. Lexi made a point of checking each part. "Take what you need from this tray," she told Bearry. "You can choose whatever color you like for the shade." Bearry chose green and wrote a maintenance reminder. The repairer showed the team how to maintain the equipment. When the lamp worked again, Kai smiled. "Small repairs can make a difference," Bearry said.
跟讀練習
社區維修角落在一個晴朗的早晨開放了。它的主要目標是讓舊物重獲新生。團隊主要修理小型檯燈。Kai 帶來一盞電源線損壞的檯燈，這是個重大問題。Lexi 說：「確認它已拔除插頭。」Bearry 不知道怎麼修電線，所以請教受過訓練的維修員。維修員更換電源線，其他人保持安全距離觀察。其他零件大多能再利用。Lexi 特別注意檢查每個零件。她告訴 Bearry：「從這個托盤拿你需要的東西。」「你可以為燈罩選任何喜歡的顏色。」Bearry 選了綠色，並寫下保養提醒。維修員示範如何保養設備。檯燈恢復運作時，Kai 笑了。Bearry 說：「小維修也能帶來改變。」
Kai arrives at the repair corner carrying a lamp with a broken cord.
1Kai arrives at the repair corner carrying a lamp with a broken cord.
Lexi points to the unplugged cord as an otter repairer joins the team.
2Lexi points to the unplugged cord as an otter repairer joins the team.
The otter repairer replaces the cord while everyone watches from a safe distance.
3The otter repairer replaces the cord while everyone watches from a safe distance.
Bearry takes a part from the tray while Lexi shows three lampshade colors.
4Bearry takes a part from the tray while Lexi shows three lampshade colors.
The repairer shows how to care for the lamp, and Bearry marks the calendar.
5The repairer shows how to care for the lamp, and Bearry marks the calendar.
The repaired lamp with its new green shade shines on Kai's desk.
6The repaired lamp with its new green shade shines on Kai's desk.

3 新聞裡的單字

每一句都用到本章的一個單字，依據近期報導改寫成學習用句，不是原文引用。想讀原文，點「原文」。

main

In May 2026, NASA said the main uses of its Moon lander cabin model were training and testing.

2026 年 5 月，NASA 表示登月艙模型的主要用途是訓練與測試。

NASA · 2026-05-07
原文Industry Moon Lander Training Cabin Lands at NASA for Artemis

原文：now is operational for training and testing（Blue Origin Blue Moon Mark 2 乘員艙模型）。main 是教材的概括；模型也用來回饋設計意見。

mainly

NASA’s April 2026 expedition report was mainly about measurements from a 50-day Southern Ocean voyage.

NASA 在 2026 年 4 月的探勘報告，主要介紹一趟 50 天南冰洋航程的測量工作。

NASA · 2026-04-01
原文Sailing for Science: A 50-Day Mission to Study the Southern Ocean

依該篇航程報告主題教材化改寫；mainly 是對文章重點的概括，不是研究結果的數量比例。

maintain

An August 2026 ILO report described new technical jobs that maintain AI systems.

ILO 在 2026 年 8 月的報告中，描述了維護 AI 系統的新技術職務。

International Labour Organization · 2026-08-13
原文Changing landscape of skills in the age of AI

根據報告對新興技術工作的說明改寫；不宣稱這類工作已占就業的大多數。

maintenance

NASA listed life support maintenance among the space station crew’s tasks on September 11, 2026.

NASA 將生命維持系統維護列為 2026 年 9 月 11 日太空站組員的工作之一。

NASA · 2026-09-11
原文Crew Works Exercise Research and Lab Maintenance on Light Duty Day

依太空站當日工作紀錄改寫；不加入來源未記載的故障或緊急狀況。

major

The ILO's January 2026 report said there had been no major progress in job quality.

ILO 在 2026 年 1 月的報告指出，工作品質沒有重大進展。

International Labour Organization · 2026-01-14
原文Employment and Social Trends 2026

原文：progress in job quality has stalled、improvements in job quality have slowed sharply。no major progress 是教材化的簡化說法。

majority

NASA’s April 2026 report said the majority of the voyage’s data would go to NASA databases.

NASA 在 2026 年 4 月的報告中表示，該航程的大部分資料將提交 NASA 資料庫。

NASA · 2026-04-01
原文Sailing for Science: A 50-Day Mission to Study the Southern Ocean

保留原文對資料提交的未來安排，以 said...would 錨定報告當時，不把計畫寫成已完成。

make sure

In August 2026, a NASA scientist said Mars explorers would want to make sure signs of life were not something from Earth.

2026 年 8 月，一名 NASA 科學家表示，到火星的探索者會想確認生命跡象不是來自地球的東西。

NASA · 2026-08-19
原文Human-Related Microbes May Survive Moon’s South Pole, NASA Finds

根據 NASA Goddard 污染控制科學家 Andrew Needham 的話改寫：when we go to Mars to search for signs of life… we will want to make sure it's not stuff we brought。這篇研究本身談的是月球南極，火星只出現在這句話裡。

make a point of

The ILO's August 2026 report made a point of calling AI literacy a basic skill for everyone.

ILO 在 2026 年 8 月的報告特別強調，AI 素養是每個人都需要的基本能力。

International Labour Organization · 2026-08-13
原文Changing landscape of skills in the age of AI

原文稱 AI literacy 為 a new basic skill that everyone needs；made a point of 是教材對「特別強調」的改寫。

make a difference

NASA said in April 2026 that volunteers’ Moon observations could make a difference to its impact-flash project.

NASA 在 2026 年 4 月表示，志工對月球的觀測能為撞擊閃光計畫帶來幫助。

NASA · 2026-04-27
原文Volunteers Help NASA Astronauts Record Lunar Flashes

依志工觀測計畫文章教材化改寫；could 表示觀測能協助研究，不保證每份影像都能確認撞擊。

4 小測驗

1. Which sentence correctly uses “what” to mean “the things that”?
2. You may choose any shade color you like. Which sentence fits?
3. Which word is the noun for keeping equipment in good condition?
4. Seven of ten parts can be reused. Which statement is accurate?
  • 1. D — what 已包含所需東西的意思，不能重複 the things，也不用問句語序。
  • 2. A — whatever + 名詞表達不限某一個的選擇。
  • 3. C — maintenance 是名詞（保養工作）；maintain 是動詞。
  • 4. B — 7 個超過 10 個的一半，因此可用 majority；不表示全部。

5 what／whatever：所需的東西與任何選擇

A. 把所需的東西當作一整組受詞
動詞 + what + S + V
Take what you need.
拿你需要的東西。
B. 整組 what 子句也能當主詞
What + S + V + 單數動詞
What we need is a new cord.
我們需要的是一條新電源線。
C. 不要把 the thing 和 what 疊在一起
what + 子句 ↔ the thing that + 子句
I have what you need.
我有你需要的東西。
D. whatever 讓選擇不限於某一項
whatever + S + V
Choose whatever you like.
選你喜歡的任何東西。
E. whatever 也可放在名詞前
whatever + N + S + V
Choose whatever color you like.
選任何你喜歡的顏色。
F. 子句保持敘述語序，不放問句的 do
what + S + V（不是 what + do + S + V）
Show me what you need.
讓我看看你需要的東西。

what 在本章不是提問「什麼」，而是把「所……的東西」整組接入句子，例如 what you need。它本身已包含那個東西的意思，所以這類結構不用 the thing what。whatever 表示任何符合條件的選擇，比 what 的範圍更開放，並非只是加強語氣。同時比較 Take what you need. 和 Take whatever you like.：前者以需求決定內容，後者允許自由選擇。子句用一般敘述語序，不加 do／does。what 在直接問句和間接問句還有其他用途；本章只練教材中的名詞性表達，不把所有 what 都歸為同一類。

用 what 把所需的東西說成一組
句型Take + what + you need＝ what 等於 the things that；前面不再加 the things。
展開：the things that
Take the things that you need.
（the things 是要拿取的東西）
縮短：what
Take what you need.
（what 已包含 the things that 的意思）
拿你需要的東西；同一句改成更簡短的自然說法。
what 子句是一整組名詞性內容
主要動作+what+子句主詞+子句動詞
what you need 整組是 Take 的受詞 Take / what / you / need.
更多例子
  • The thing that we need is a new cord. What we need is a new cord. 把 the thing that 縮成 what，意思不變。
  • Choose anything that you like. Choose whatever you like. 任選喜歡的東西；whatever 表達自由選擇。
小提醒

what you need 相當於 the things that you need。what 已經帶有東西的意思，前面不必再加 the things。whatever 則多了任何選擇都可以的意思；它不是每次都能直接替代 what。

小提醒
小劇場：Bearry 又搞錯了
Take the things what you need.
Bearry：Take the things what you need.
✗Bearry
Use “what” alone, or say “the things that”.
Lexi：Use “what” alone, or say “the things that”.
Lexi
So “what” already means “the things that”?
Bearry：So “what” already means “the things that”?
Bearry
Yes. Say: Take what you need.
Lexi：Yes. Say: Take what you need.
Lexi
Take what you need.
Bearry：Take what you need.
✓Bearry
Perfect! “What you need” is one complete group.
Lexi：Perfect! “What you need” is one complete group.
Lexi
文法小練習

Follow the exact instruction. For blanks, type the complete sentence.

  1. Delete only the things: Take the things what you need.
  2. Complete with what or that: I have ___ you need.
  3. Complete with is or are: What we need ___ a new cord.
  4. Replace only anything that with whatever: Choose anything that you like.
  5. Replace only any with whatever: Choose any color you like.
  6. Delete only do: Show me what do you need.
  7. Replace only what with the things that: Take what you need.
  • 1. Take what you need.
  • 2. I have what you need.
  • 3. What we need is a new cord.
  • 4. Choose whatever you like.
  • 5. Choose whatever color you like.
  • 6. Show me what you need.
  • 7. Take the things that you need.

6 間隔複習

下一組會回頭複習
lablabellackleave for地點 + where + S + VThis is the lab where we work.時間 + when + S + VI remember the day when we met.

回收 Pack 012 的詞彙與句型。D0 初學、D2 口頭回想、D7／D21／D60 再檢查。先辨認，再遮住英文回想，最後自行造句；70／30 是學習時間配置，不是硬性題數比例。